An Introduction to LTE: LTE, LTE-Advanced, SAE, VoLTE and 4G Mobile Communications

Following on from the successful first edition (March 2012), this book gives a clear explanation of what LTE does and how it works. The content is expressed at a systems level, offering readers the opportunity to grasp the key factors that make LTE the hot topic amongst vendors and operators across the globe. The book assumes no more than a basic knowledge of mobile telecommunication systems, and the reader is not expected to have any previous knowledge of the complex mathematical operations that underpin LTE. This second edition introduces new material for the current state of the industry, such as the new features of LTE in Releases 11 and 12, notably coordinated multipoint transmission and proximity services; the main short- and long-term solutions for LTE voice calls, namely circuit switched fallback and the IP multimedia subsystem; and the evolution and current state of the LTE market. It also extends some of the material from the first edition, such as inter-operation with other technologies such as GSM, UMTS, wireless local area networks and cdma2000; additional features of LTE Advanced, notably heterogeneous networks and traffic offloading; data transport in the evolved packet core; coverage and capacity estimation for LTE; and a more rigorous treatment of modulation, demodulation and OFDMA. The author breaks down the system into logical blocks, by initially introducing the architecture of LTE, explaining the techniques used for radio transmission and reception and the overall operation of the system, and concluding with more specialized topics such as LTE voice calls and the later releases of the specifications. This methodical approach enables readers to move on to tackle the specifications and the more advanced texts with confidence. From the contents Preface xxi Acknowledgements xxiii List of Abbreviations xxv 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Architectural Review of UMTS and GSM 1 1.2 History of Mobile Telecommunication Systems 6 1.3 The Need for LTE 8 1.4 From UMTS to LTE 11 1.5 From LTE to LTE-Advanced 16 1.6 The 3GPP Specifications for LTE 17 References 19 2 System Architecture Evolution 21 2.1 High-Level Architecture of LTE 21 2.2 User Equipment 21 2.3 Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network 23 2.4 Evolved Packet Core 25 2.5 Communication Protocols 30 2.6 Example Signalling Flows 34 2.7 Bearer Management 36 2.8 State Diagrams 40 2.9 Spectrum Allocation 43 References 45 3 Digital Wireless Communications 49 3.1 Radio Transmission and Reception 49 3.2 Radio Transmission in a Mobile Cellular Network 56 3.3 Impairments to the Received Signal 58 3.4 Error Management 61 References 65 4 Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access 67 4.1 Principles of OFDMA 67 4.2 Benefits and Additional Features of OFDMA 75 4.3 Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access 82 References 85 5 Multiple Antenna Techniques 87 5.1 Diversity Processing 87 5.2 Spatial Multiplexing 90 5.3 Beamforming 101 References 104 6 Architecture of the LTE Air Interface 105 6.1 Air Interface Protocol Stack 105 6.2 Logical, Transport and Physical Channels 107 6.3 The Resource Grid 111 6.4 Multiple Antenna Transmission 118 6.5 Resource Element Mapping 119 References 123 7 Cell Acquisition 125 7.1 Acquisition Procedure 125 7.2 Synchronization Signals 126 7.3 Downlink Reference Signals 128 7.4 Physical Broadcast Channel 129 7.5 Physical Control Format Indicator Channel 130 7.6 System Information 131 7.7 Procedures after Acquisition 133 References 134 8 Data Transmission and Reception 135 8.1 Data Transmission Procedures 135 8.2 Transmission of Scheduling Messages on the PDCCH 139 8.3 Data Transmission on the PDSCH and PUSCH 144 8.4 Transmission of Hybrid ARQ Indicators on the PHICH 148 8.5 Uplink Control Information 149 8.6 Transmission of Uplink Control Information on the PUCCH 153 8.7 Uplink Reference Signals 155 8.8 Power Control 157 8.9 Discontinuous Reception 159 References 161 9 Random Access 163 9.1 Transmission of Random Access Preambles on the PRACH 163 9.2 Non-Contention-Based Procedure 166 9.3 Contention-Based Procedure 167 References 169 10 Air Interface Layer 2 171 10.1 Medium Access Control Protocol 171 10.2 Radio Link Control Protocol 176 10.3 Packet Data Convergence Protocol 180 References 183 11 Power-On and Power-Off Procedures 185 11.1 Power-On Sequence 185 11.2 Network and Cell Selection 187 11.3 RRC Connection Establishment 189 11.4 Attach Procedure 191 11.5 Detach Procedure 199 References 200 12 Security Procedures 203 12.1 Network Access Security 203 12.2 Network Domain Security 210 References 212 13 Quality of Service, Policy and Charging 215 13.1 Policy and Charging Control 215 13.2 Policy and Charging Control Architecture 219 13.3 Session Management Procedures 222 13.4 Data Transport in the Evolved Packet Core 228 13.5 Charging and Billing 231 References 234 14 Mobility Management 237 14.1 Transitions between Mobility Management States 237 14.2 Cell Reselection in RRC_IDLE 241 14.3 Measurements in RRC_CONNECTED 247 14.4 Handover in RRC_CONNECTED 250 References 253 15 Inter-operation with UMTS and GSM 255 15.1 System Architecture 255 15.2 Power-On Procedures 259 15.3 Mobility Management in RRC_IDLE 259 15.4 Mobility Management in RRC_CONNECTED 262 References 268 16 Inter-operation with Non-3GPP Technologies 271 16.1 Generic System Architecture 271 16.2 Generic Signalling Procedures 275 16.3 Inter-Operation with cdma2000 HRPD 280 References 286 17 Self-Optimizing Networks 289 17.1 Self-Configuration of an eNB 289 17.2 Inter-Cell Interference Coordination 292 17.3 Mobility Management 292 17.4 Radio Access Network Information Management 295 17.5 Drive Test Minimization 297 References 298 18 Enhancements in Release 9 301 18.1 Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Service 301 18.2 Location Services 306 18.3 Other Enhancements in Release 9 309 References 310 19 LTE-Advanced and Release 10 313 19.1 Carrier Aggregation 313 19.2 Enhanced Downlink MIMO 318 19.3 Enhanced Uplink MIMO 321 19.4 Relays 322 19.5 Heterogeneous Networks 324 19.6 Traffic Offload Techniques 326 19.7 Overload Control for Machine-Type Communications 330 References 331 20 Releases 11 and 12 333 20.1 Coordinated Multipoint Transmission and Reception 333 20.2 Enhanced Physical Downlink Control Channel 337 20.3 Interference Avoidance for in Device Coexistence 338 20.4 Machine-Type Communications 339 20.5 Mobile Data Applications 340 20.6 New Features in Release 12 341 20.7 Release 12 Studies 345 References 346 21 Circuit Switched Fallback 349 21.1 Delivery of Voice and Text Messages over LTE 349 21.2 System Architecture 353 21.3 Attach Procedure 355 21.4 Mobility Management 357 21.5 Call Setup 359 21.6 SMS over SGs 365 21.7 Circuit Switched Fallback to cdma2000 1xRTT 366 21.8 Performance of Circuit Switched Fallback 367 References 368 22 VoLTE and the IP Multimedia Subsystem 371 22.1 Introduction 371 22.2 Hardware Architecture of the IMS 373 22.3 Signalling Protocols 381 22.4 Service Provision in the IMS 382 22.5 VoLTE Registration Procedure 384 22.6 Call Setup and Release 390 22.7 Access Domain Selection 397 22.8 Single Radio Voice Call Continuity 398 22.9 IMS Centralized Services 405 22.10 IMS Emergency Calls 406 22.11 Delivery of SMS Messages over the IMS 408 References 410 23 Performance of LTE and LTE-Advanced 413 23.1 Peak Data Rates of LTE and LTE-Advanced 413 23.2 Coverage of an LTE Cell 416 23.3 Capacity of an LTE Cell 421 23.4 Performance of Voice over IP 424 References 427 Bibliography 429 Index 431

• ISBN: 978-1-118-81803-9
• Editorial: Wiley–Blackwell
• Encuadernacion: Rústica
• Páginas: 448
• Fecha Publicación: 04/07/2014
• Nº Volúmenes: 1
• Idioma: Inglés