Given its importance to consumer safety, fire resistant textiles are one of the fastest growing sectors in industrial textiles. Handbook of fire resistant textiles provides a comprehensive review of the considerable advances that have occurred in the field of fire resistant textiles in recent years. It draws together scientific and technical expertise from around the world to produce an important source of current knowledge on fire resistant textiles and their use for protection in hostile environments.Part one provides an overview of fire resistant textiles. Chapters discuss burning and combustion mechanisms of textile fibers, chemical modification of natural and synthetic fibers to improve flame retardancy, multi-component flame resistant coating techniques for textiles, care and maintenance of fire resistant textiles, along with the safety, health and environmental aspects of flame retardants. Part two covers different types of fire resistant fibers and fabrics, including flame retardant cotton, wool, ceramic fibers and blends, composites and nonwovens. Part three reviews standards, regulations, and characterization of fire resistant textiles. Part four includes case studies of major applications of fire resistant textiles.The Handbook of fire resistant textiles is an invaluable resource for a broad spectrum of professionals in the textiles and apparel industries, including textile and garment manufacturers, engineers, researchers, designers, developers and buyers. Provides a comprehensive review of the considerable advances that have occurred in the field of fire resistant textiles in recent yearsDiscusses burning and combustion mechanisms of textile fibers and chemical modification of natural and synthetic fibers to improve flame retardancyCovers different types of fire resistant fibers and fabrics, including flame retardant cotton, wool, ceramic fibers and blends, composites and nonwovens INDICE: Contributor contact details Woodhead Publishing Series in Textiles Dedication Introduction Overview of fire resistant textiles Chapter 1: Combustion processes of textile fibres Abstract: 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Thermal transitions and degradation of polymers 1.3 Degradation of individual fibre-forming polymer types 1.4 Polymer fires and the influence of polymer degradation steps on subsequent flame retardant behaviour 1.5 Flame retardancy 1.6 Specific mechanistic issues relevant to fibres and textiles: char formation 1.7 Potential of nanotechnology for flame retarding textiles 1.8 Future trends Chapter 2: Burning mechanisms of fibers Abstract: 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Ignition source 2.3 Thermal decomposition of solid to produce fuel 2.4 Escape of fuel vapor from the degrading solid 2.5 Reactions in the vapor state - oxidation 2.6 Excess heat diffusion back to the solid to produce more degradation 2.7 Reducing flammability Chapter 3: Chemical modification of natural and synthetic textile fibres to improve flame retardancy Abstract: 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Flame retardant strategies for textile materials 3.3 Polyesters 3.4 Polyamides 3.5 Cellulose-based fibres: cotton, cotton blends and viscose 3.6 Wool and its blends 3.7 Silk fibres 3.8 Miscellaneous fibre-forming polymers 3.9 Conclusions and future trends Chapter 4: Multi-component flame resistant coating techniques for textiles Abstract: 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Back-coating techniques 4.3 The sol-gel coating technique 4.4 Plasma surface treatments 4.5 Nanoparticle-based films 4.6 Layer-by-layer assembly (LbL) Chapter 5: Care and maintenance of fabrics used for flame resistant personal protective equipment (PPE) Abstract: 5.1 Introduction 5.2 The use of multiple fiber and fabric options in personal protective equipment (PPE) 5.3 Available care and cleaning guidance 5.4 Designing a care and maintenance program 5.5 Implementing a care and maintenance program for flame resistant (FR) PPE garments 5.6 Conclusions Chapter 6: Safety, health and environmental aspects of flame retardants Abstract: 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Relevant key types of flame retardants 6.3 Toxicity of smoke from combustion products 6.4 Effects of individual combustion products on fire victims 6.5 Potential toxicity issues associated with individual flame retardants 6.6 Summary of toxicity issues associated with individual flame retardants 6.7 Environmental effects of smoke with and without flame retardants 6.8 Life-cycle assessment of environmental effects of using products with and without flame retardants 6.9 Conclusions Types of fire resistant fibre Chapter 7: Flame resistant cotton Abstract: 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Non-durable and semi-durable flame retardants 7.3 Durable flame retardants 7.4 Flame retardants for cotton fleece fabrics 7.5 Conclusions 7.6 Acknowledgments Chapter 8: Flame resistant manmade cellulosic fibres Abstract: 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Manmade cellulosic fibres: types and properties 8.3 History of flame resistant manmade cellulosic fibres 8.4 Strategies for making manmade cellulosic fibres flame resistant 8.5 Additive selection 8.6 Commercially available flame resistant manmade cellulosic fibres 8.7 Blends 8.8 Applications of flame resistant manmade cellulosic fibres 8.9 New developments and technologies 8.10 Future trends Chapter 9: Flame resistant wool and wool blends Abstract: 9.1 Introduction 9.2 The flame resistant (FR) properties of wool 9.3 The flame resistant properties of wool blends 9.4 Types of fire resistant finishes 9.5 Polymeric fire resistant finishes 9.6 Legislation relating to fire resistant finishes 9.7 Fire resistant (FR) treatments for wool and wool blends: zirconium and titanium salts 9.8 FR treatments for wool and wool blends: ammonium phosphates and organophosphorus species 9.9 FR treatments for wool and wool blends: other treatments Chapter 10: Flame resistant ceramic fibres Abstract: 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Types of ceramic fibres 10.3 Applications of ceramic fibres 10.4 Future trends Chapter 11: Flame resistant composites and nanocomposites Abstract: 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Key composite and nanocomposite flammability issues 11.3 Composite materials 11.4 Fire resistance of nanocomposites 11.5 Future trends Chapter 12: Flame resistant nonwoven fabrics Abstract: 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Nonwoven fabrics 12.3 Production of nonwovens 12.4 Flame resistance of nonwovens 12.5 Types of flame retardants 12.6 Flame resistance of cellulose 12.7 Flame resistant (FR) treatments of cellulosic fibers 12.8 Highloft nonwovens and cotton blend highlofts 12.9 FR nonwoven applications 12.10 Future trends Testing and regulation of fire resistant textiles Chapter 13: Selection of flame resistant protective clothing Abstract: 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Compliance with minimum requirements 13.3 Key protection factors for the selection of flame resistant (FR) protective clothing 13.4 Other factors effecting the selection of FR garments 13.5 Case study: selection of FR workwear garments for protection against flash fires 13.6 Sources of further information and advice Chapter 14: Flame resistant clothing standards and regulations Abstract: 14.1 Introduction 14.2 Standardisation bodies 14.3 Basic health and safety requirements (BHSR) 14.4 General standards which apply to all types of protective clothing 14.5 Standards for industrial garments 14.6 Clothing standards for specific jobs 14.7 Application of standards 14.8 Future trends Chapter 15: Characterizing comfort properties of flame resistant fabrics and garments Abstract: 15.1 Introduction 15.2 Definition of comfort in clothing 15.3 Comfort characterization methods 15.4 Comfort properties of fabrics and garments 15.5 Interactions between thermal protection and comfort 15.6 Future trends Chapter 16: Physiological impact of flame resistant clothing: managing heat stress Abstract: 16.1 Introduction 16.2 Overview of occupational heat stress 16.3 Physiological and environmental factors affecting body heat 16.4 Regulation of body heat 16.5 Heat stress resulting from use of fire-retardant personal protective ensembles (FR-PPEs) 16.6 Strategies for mitigation of heat stress 16.7 Non-physiological cooling strategies 16.8 Conclusions Chapter 17: Flame retardancy testing and regulation of soft furnishings Abstract: 17.1 Introduction 17.2 Soft furnishing flammability regulations: mattresses 17.3 Soft furnishing flammability regulations: upholstered furniture 17.4 Factors contributing to the flammability of soft furnishings 17.5 Fire blocking technologies for soft furnishings 17.6 Future trends in fire blocking technologies Applications of fire resistant textiles Chapter 18: Flame resistant textiles for flash fires Abstract: 18.1 Introduction 18.2 Flash fire hazards and regulation 18.3 Performance and requirements of flame retardant textiles for flash fire protection 18.4 Design of flame retardant fabrics and clothing for flash fire protection 18.5 Fabric and fiber materials used in flash fire applications 18.6 Recent advances in flash fire clothing 18.7 Future trends Chapter 19: Flame resistant textiles for structural and proximity fire fighting Abstract: 19.1 Introduction 19.2 Exposure hazards 19.3 Design and performance requirements of firefighter protective clothing 19.4 Materials used in protective clothing for structural and proximity firefighting 19.5 Key issues in the design and manufacture of clothing for structural and proximity firefighters 19.6 Advances in firefighter clothing materials and technology 19.7 Future trends Chapter 20: Flame resistant textiles for electric arc flash hazards Abstract: 20.1 Introduction 20.2 Key flammability issues affecting electric arc clothing 20.3 The development of arc flash standards and testing 20.4 Performance requirements 20.5 Calculation of arc ratings 20.6 Design requirements 20.7 Materials used in electric arc applications 20.8 Effect of common weaves and other factors in arc flash 20.9 Advances in electric arc clothing 20.10 Future trends Chapter 21: Flame resistant textiles for molten metal hazards Abstract: 21.1 Introduction 21.2 Key flammability issues for clothing protecting against molten metal 21.3 Hazards from molten metal 21.4 Performance requirements for protective clothing 21.5 Design requirements and materials for protective clothing 21.6 Advances in clothing protecting against molten metal hazards 21.7 Future trends Chapter 22: Flame resistant textiles for transport applications Abstract: 22.1 Introduction 22.2 Key flammability issues of fire retardant (FR) textiles in transport 22.3 General testing and performance requirements 22.4 Future trends Chapter 23: Flame retardant fiber-reinforced composites Abstract: 23.1 Introduction 23.2 Polymer fiber-reinforced composite flammability fundamentals 23.3 Flame retardancy for fiber-reinforced polymer composites 23.4 Future trends 23.5 Acknowledgements Index
- ISBN: 978-0-08-101561-2
- Editorial: Woodhead Publishing
- Encuadernacion: Rústica
- Páginas: 704
- Fecha Publicación: 30/06/2016
- Nº Volúmenes: 1
- Idioma: Inglés