INDICE: Chapter 1 Diagnosis in evidence based medicine Diagnosis and screening Screening Symptoms Signs and elicited symptoms Bedside or pointofcare testing Laboratory tests Basic structure of studies of diagnostic tests Further reading Chapter 2 Evaluating new diagnostic tests Technical accuracy (Can it work?) Place in the clinical pathway (Where does the test fit in the existing clinical pathway?) Ability of the test to diagnose or exclude the target condition (Does it work in patients?) The effect of the test on patient outcomes (Are patients better off?) Costeffectiveness (Is it worth the cost?) Further reading Chapter 3 Asking an answerable clinical question Defining a clinical question for diagnostic tests PIRT Further reading Chapter 4 Finding the evidence: how to get the most from your searching Combine textwords and thesaurus Search filters for diagnostic accuracy studies Further reading Chapter 5 Selecting relevant studies Selecting relevant studies Assessing validity What is the difference between bias and variability in diagnostic studies? The ideal diagnostic study Flow charts of patients Chapter 6 Sources of bias in diagnostic studies Spectrum bias (also known as selection bias) Verification bias (also called referral or workup bias) Incorporation bias Observer (or test review bias) bias Differential reference bias (double gold standard) What are the effects of thedifferent designrelated biases? Further reading Chapter 7 Measures of discrimination of diagnostic tests Two by two tables Outcome measures Which measure should you use and why? The effect of prevalence on predictive values Effect oftime on diagnostic accuracy Effect of severity of the target condition on diagnostic accuracy The referral filter Rules of thumb for interpreting likelihood ratios Further reading Chapter 8 Using diagnostic information in clinical practice Validity of data Problemsolving strategies that clinicians use in diagnosis Action thresholds versus testing thresholds (Will the test change my management?) Methods for combining test results Multivariable analyses How are clinical prediction rules developed? How to select a prediction rule for clinicalpractice Further reading Chapter 9 Screening tests What are screening tests? Different types of screening Ideal study design for screening tests Overdiagnosis Further reading
- ISBN: 978-0-470-65758-4
- Editorial: John Wiley & Sons
- Encuadernacion: Rústica
- Páginas: 104
- Fecha Publicación: 21/10/2011
- Nº Volúmenes: 1
- Idioma: Inglés