Nonlinear Polymer Rheology: Macroscopic Phenomenology and Molecular Foundation

Integrating latest research results and characterization techniques, this book helps readers understand and apply fundamental principles in nonlinear polymer rheology. The author connects the basic theoretical framework with practical polymer processing, which aids practicing scientists and engineers to go beyond the existing knowledge and explore new applications. Although it is not written as a textbook, the content can be used in an upper undergraduate and first year graduate course on polymer rheology.     Describes the emerging phenomena and associated conceptual understanding in the field of nonlinear polymer rheology     Incorporates details on latest experimental discoveries and provides new methodology for research in polymer rheology     Integrates latest research results and new characterization techniques like particle tracking velocimetric method     Focuses on the issues concerning the conceptual and phenomenological foundations for polymer rheology INDICE: Preface .Acknowledgments .Introduction .PART ONE: LINEAR VISCOELASTICITY AND EXPERIMENTAL METHODS .1. Phenomenological description of linear viscoelasticity (LVE) .1.1 Basic modes of deformation                                                .1.2 Linear responses .1.3 Classical rubber elasticity theory .2. Molecular characterization in LVE regime .2.1 Dilute limit                                                                                                                                                                   .2.2 Entangled state .2.3 Molecular–level descriptions of entanglement dynamics                                                                                        .2.4 Temperature dependence3. Experimental Methods .3.1 Shear rheometry .3.2 Extensional rheometry .3.3 Rheo–optical (in situ) methods .3.4 Advanced rheometric methods .4. Characterization of deformation field .4.1 Basic features in simple shear .4.2 Yield stress in Bingham type (yield–stress) fluids .4.3 Cases of homogeneous shear .4.4 Particle tracking velocimetry (PTV)                                                                                                    .4.5 Single molecule imaging velocimetry (SMIV)                                                                                                .4.6 Other visualization methods .5. Improved and other rheometric apparatuses .5.1 Linearly displaced co–cylinder for simple shear .5.2 Cone–partitioned plate for rotational shear .5.3 Other forms of large deformation .5.4 Conclusion .PART TWO: YIELDING PRIMARY NONLINEAR RESPONSES TO ONGOING DEFORMATION .6. Wall slip Interfacial yielding .6.1 Basic notion of wall slip in steady shear .6.2 Stick–slip transition (in stress–controlled mode .6.3 Wall slip during startup shear – Interfacial yielding                      .6.4 Relationship between slip and bulk shear deformation .6.5 Molecular evidence of disentanglement during wall slip .6.6 Uncertainty in boundary condition .6.7 Conclusion .7. Yielding during startup deformation: from elastic deformation to flow .7.1 Yielding at Wi < 1 and steady shear thinning at Wi > 1 .7.2 Stress overshoot in fast startup shear .7.3 Nature of steady shear .7.4 From terminal flow to fast flow under creep: entanglement–disentanglement transition .7.5 Yielding in startup uniaxial extension .7.6 Conclusion .8. Strain hardening in extension .8.1 Conceptual pictures .8.2 Origin of strain hardening in uniaxial extension .8.3 True strain hardening: non–Gaussian stretching from finite extensibility .8.4 Different responses of entanglement to startup extension and shear .8.5 Conclusion .Appendix 8.A: Conceptual and mathematical account of geometric condensation .9. Shear banding in startup and oscillatory shear: PTV observations .9.1 Shear banding after overshoot in startup shear .9.2 Overcoming wall slip during startup shear .9.3 Shear banding in LAO .10. Strain localization in pressure–driven extrusion, squeezing, and planar extension .10.1 Capillary rheometry in rate–controlled mode .10.2 Instabilities at die entry .10.3 Squeezing deformation .10.4 Planar extension .11. Different modes of structural failure during startup uniaxial extension .11.1 Tensile–like failure (decohesion) at low rates .11.2 Shear yielding and necking–like strain localization at high rates .11.3 Rupture without crosslinking at even higher rates: where is disentanglement? .11.4 Strain localization vs. steady–flow: Sentmanat extensional rheometry vs. Filament stretching rheometry .11.5 Role of long chain branching .Appendix 11.A: Analogy between capillary rheometry and filament stretching rheometry .PART THREE: DECOHESION AND ELASTIC YIELDING AFTER LARGE DEFORMATION .12. Elastic yielding in stepwise simple shear .12.1 Strain softening after large step strain .12.2 PTV revelation of non–quiescent relaxation: localized elastic yielding .12.3 Quiescent elastic yielding .12.4 Arrested wall slip: elastic yielding at interfaces .12.5 Conclusion .13. Elastic breakup in stepwise uniaxial extension .13.1 Rupture–like failure during relaxation at small magnitude or small rate (WiR < 1) .13.2 Shear–yielding induced failure upon fast large stepwise extension (WiR > 1) .13.3 Nature of the elastic breakup probed by infrared thermal imaging measurements .13.4 Primitive phenomenological explanations .13.5 Stepwise squeeze and planar extension .14. Finite cohesion and the role of chain architecture .14.1 Cohesive strength of an entanglement network .14.2 Enhancing cohesion barrier with long–chain branching to prevent structural breakup .PART FOUR: EMERGING CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK .15. Homogeneous entanglement .15.1 What is chain entanglement? .15.2 When, how and why disentanglement occurs .15.3 Criterion for homogeneous shear .15.4 Constitutive non–monotonicity .15.5 Metastable nature of shear banding .16. Molecular networks as the conceptual foundation .16.1 Introduction: the tube model and its predictions .16.2 Essential ingredients in formulation of a new molecular picture .16.3 Overcoming finite cohesion after step deformation: Quiescent or not .16.4 Forced microscopic yielding during startup deformation: stress overshoot .16.5 Interfacial yielding by disentanglement .16.6 Effect of long chain branching .16.7 Decohesion in startup creep: entanglement–disentanglement transition .16.8 Emerging microscopic theory of Sussman and Schweizer .16.9 Further tests to reveal the nature of polymer deformation .16.10 Conclusion .17.  Anomalous phenomena .17.1 Essence of rheometric measurements: isothermal condition .17.2 Internal energy buildup and non–Gaussian extension .17.3 Breakdown of time–temperature superposition during transient response: shear and extension .17.4 Strain hardening in simple shear of certain polymer solutions .17.5 Lack of universal nonlinear responses: solutions vs. melts .17.6 Emergence of transient glassy responses .18. Difficulties with orthodox paradigams .18.1 Tube model does not to predict key experimental features .18.2 Confusion about local and global deformation .18.3 Molecular network paradigm .19. Strain localization and the fluid mechanics of polymeric liquids .19.1 Relationship between wall slip and banding: a rheological–state diagram .19.2 Modeling of continuum fluid mechanics of entangled polymeric liquids .19.3 Challenges in polymer processing   .20. Conclusions .20.1 Theoretical challenges .20.2 Experimental difficulties .Index

• ISBN: 978-0-470-94698-5
• Editorial: Wiley–Blackwell
• Encuadernacion: Cartoné
• Páginas: 480
• Fecha Publicación: 26/12/2017
• Nº Volúmenes: 1
• Idioma: Inglés